Yes, it’s certainly not black and white, although the physical properties of solid wood are inherently less consistent than MDF. Birch ply, being a manufactured composite comprising laminate layers of wood and adhesive, has physical properties more akin to MDF than natural wood and is therefore more predictable too.
Today, combining the application of materials science with various CAE and FEA modal and optimisation analysis tools, it is possible to predict the behaviour of a multiplicity of cabinet structures and material combinations to help obtain the “best” results. Typically, this aims at shifting or minimising resonance frequencies.
Yet, no doubt because there is still a huge subjective element, both aesthetically and aurally, many combinations of materials other than good old woody bits have appeared - carbon fibre, aluminium, titanium, steel, marble, granite, concrete, glass, polymers, resins, composites and so on.
It seems coated MDF remains one of best material compromises and is still (perhaps questionably) used in loudspeakers costing tens of thousands of pounds.